A plant RNA-binding protein senses 2′,3′-cNMP produced by insect effectors

Nature, Published online: 11 November 2026; doi:10.1038/s41586-026-11259-z

The rice RNA-binding protein NIB1 detects 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide products from insect saliva RNase, forming nuclear condensates that recruit EDS1 to activate defence, revealing a conserved messenger-based immune pathway in plants.