arXiv:2610.41580v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learned schemes that jointly perform tasks such as synchronization and decoding have achieved promising results for short-packet communication. However, it remains unclear how close their performance is to information-theoretic bounds. To investigate this question, we extend the turbo autoencoder (TurboAE) proposed in D\"orner et al. (2023) to a single-input single-output waveform channel with an unknown delay and memoryless block fading, for which an achievability bound from finite-blocklength information theory is available. Our extension incorporates a pilot-free, model-guided neural synchronizer and enables joint synchronization, channel estimation, and decoding. At a blocklength of $64$ complex symbols and a rate of one bit per channel use, the proposed TurboAE achieves a lower bit error rate (BER) than all evaluated pilot-assisted 5G baselines, with gains of $1.9$ dB at a BER of $10^{-3}$ over a baseline involving a low-density parity-check (LDPC) code and $1.7$ dB over a baseline involving a polar code and successive cancellation list decoding (list size $8$). In terms of block error rate (BLER), the TurboAE outperforms the LDPC-coded baseline, but lags behind the polar-coded baseline by about $0.8$ dB at a BLER of $10^{-3}$. Moreover, all evaluated schemes remain at least $2.1$ dB away from a pilot-assisted achievability bound, indicating substantial room for improved designs.