Scientists say they have developed a new artificial intelligence system capable of predicting uranium enrichment levels with extraordinary precision while identifying different types of nuclear material using gamma spectroscopy data. The findings, based on tests of three machine-learning models—XGBoost, CatBoost and LightGBM—could offer the U.N. nuclear watchdog valuable new tools to strengthen its safeguards under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), according to researchers at the University of Sharjah.